Climate risk exposure is manageable for the rated REITs, but will increase over time. REITs withstood previous climate events without material losses or disruptions to their operations.
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Most refiners not strongly positioned for transition to low-carbon future. Our carbon transition assessments (CTAs) for the 24 refiners in our rated universe show a wide range of positioning from CT-4 to CT-8.
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Rising sea levels pose increasing credit risks for many coastal state and local governments.
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Combined social and sustainability bond volumes could now total $150 billion in 2020 as coronavirus pandemic response efforts and heightened awareness of social issues continue to support issuance.
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Recent events have highlighted the corrosive impact of inequality in the United States (US, Aaa stable) with a particular focus on the long-standing, deeply institutionalized inequality faced by the Black community.
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The COVID-19 lockdown experience of reduced commuting and business travel, alongside better air quality and family time, may deliver lasting changes in energy consumption.
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We provide an update in this paper on the worst affected property types and geographic markets—and offer our thoughts on how conditions in the CRE debt markets will likely evolve through the rest of the year.
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A staggering nearly one-third of American workers have taken a direct financial hit from the COVID-19 pandemic, either through a lost job, lost hours, or a pay cut.
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As institutions attempt to use established, well-developed models to evaluate the current credit environment, it is clear these are not working adequately. This paper addresses these challenges.
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Long-term prospects for U.S. economic growth fall short of what held during the second half of the 20th century. The demographic outlook for the next 10 years differs drastically from what held in 1997-2000.
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It's time to consider our existing approaches to managing and mitigating business risk. What could we do differently to be better prepared to deal with a global pandemic?
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Four Twenty Seven developed a first-of-its-kind global dataset projecting changes to wildfire potential under a changing climate, at a granularity of about 25 x25 kilometers.
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The relationship between race and climate change is too often ignored. The recent protests for racial justice and police reform call attention to the fact that racism is still deeply embedded in our institutions and public policies.
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The report explores which physical impacts are already locked in, identifies how Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios apply, and describes an approach to setting up scenario analysis for near-term physical climate risks.
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In this research paper, we examine where companies stand today in terms of adopting the TCFD recommendations. Our research indicates that most companies still lag behind in terms of disclosures.
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V.E analyses how insurance companies factor emerging risks into their service offering. This Sustainability-Focused analysis provides an overview of the European landscape.
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The C-19 Dataset can be used as a lens to view the extent to which a company is fundamentally prepared to manage the risks and opportunities that the pandemic presents over the medium and long term.
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The effects of COVID-19 have provided an unprecedented stress test of corporate social responsibility. As the pandemic has evolved, our teams have been monitoring companies to assess their susceptibility to ESG controversies.
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